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Step-by-Step Guide to the Root Canal Process
Published on:
Jan 27, 2026

Step-by-Step Guide to the Root Canal Process

Dental practices often have to deal with frightened patients and sometimes confused patients who end up with last-minute cancellations due to the misinformation found online about the root canal treatment. Such confusion slows down the dental appointment and imposes stress on your front office and clinic team. This blog solves that by describing the root canal process in an easy, step-by-step manner that you can explain to patients so they understand what will be done, why, and what will come after.

What is the Root Canal Treatment Process?

A root canal is a dental procedure that is performed to save a tooth in cases where the soft tissue within a tooth (the pulp) is inflamed or infected. The process involves the removal of the damaged tissue, cleaning of the interior canals, and filling the tooth to avoid new bacterial infections. 

Why Do People Need a Root Canal Treatment?

When the bacteria enter the pulp, root canal treatment is typically required. It may occur due to extreme decay, a crack, a chip, or a dental trauma. Once the bacteria invade, the pulp becomes swollen and rots/infected, which may lead to pain, irritation, or infection. A root canal may be suggested by dentists due to the following reasons:

  • A deep cavity that is close to the nerve
  • A cracked tooth that lets bacteria in
  • A tooth that has become irritated
  • An infection that may form an abscess if ignored 

Who Does the Root Canal Treatment?

The patient in a more complex case can be referred to an endodontist who specializes in the treatment of the root canals.

How to Prepare Before the Appointment

Most preparation is easy and basic:

  1. To determine the form of the roots and indications of infection, your dentist examines the tooth and takes a dental X-ray of it.
  2. You describe your symptoms, medical history, and medications you are taking.
  3. If you feel anxious, ask about available sedation options to help you feel more comfortable. 

How the Process for RCT Works, Step By Step

The standard procedure of root canal care is explained below. 

Step 1: Exam and X-ray check

The dentist/endodontist examines the tooth, asks whether he/she experiences any pain and sensitivity, and gets an X-ray. This will assist in validating the fact that root canal treatment is the correct treatment and reveal the root shape.

Step 2: Numbing the tooth

A local anesthetic is applied to ensure that it is comfortable for you. Is it numb in the tooth region? You are awake.

Step 3: Tooth isolation with a dental dam

To ensure that the tooth remains clean and dry, a dental dam is a thin protective sheet that is used to cover the tooth during the treatment. This is a vital aspect of infection prevention as well as keeping saliva away from the tooth. .

Step 4: Opening the tooth

The top of the tooth is treated in such a way as to create a small hole through which the dentist can access the pulp and canal spaces. 

Step 5: Removing the infected pulp

After the tissue has been removed, the canals are then cleaned and shaped in the right way to be sealed accordingly. Bacteria are reduced using disinfecting solutions.

Step 6: Cleaning and shaping the canals

Once the tissue is removed, the canals are then cleaned and shaped in a proper manner so as to be sealed appropriately. Reduction of bacteria is achieved by the use of disinfecting solutions.

Step 7: Filling the canals

After the inside has been cleaned and molded, the canals are filled and sealed with a rubber-like substance to aid in preventing reinfection.

Step 8: Sealing the access opening

A filling is placed to close the opening made at the top of the tooth. Sometimes this is a temporary filling first, then a final one after follow-up. 

Step 9: Restoring the tooth with a crown or final restoration

Following root canal treatment, most teeth require a final restoration, typically a crown, to avoid cracking and regain all the chewing function. Your dentist would inform you about the necessity of a crown, depending on the tooth and your bite.

How Long Does a Root Canal Take? 

The root canal process time can change based on:

  • Which tooth is it? (Front teeth are often simpler than molars.)
  • How curved or narrow the canals are
  • Whether there is an active infection that needs extra cleaning steps
  • Whether the dentist plans a same-day final restoration or a follow-up visit

In many cases, it can be completed in one visit. In other cases, a follow-up visit is needed, especially if the tooth is very inflamed or complex.

Does a Root Canal Hurt?

With modern techniques of numbing, most people feel pressure, not pain, during treatment. A little post-treatment discomfort is normal due to the possibility of soreness of tissues near the tooth, which might have been caused by the infection and the cleaning procedure. This tends to get better within the succeeding days.

What to Expect After the Procedure

Normal sensations and feelings after the procedure

After a root canal, patients may notice:

  • Mild tenderness when biting
  • Slight gum soreness near the tooth
  • Sensitivity that gradually subsides 

When Should You Call the Dentist After a Root Canal?

Contact your clinic if the patient experiences:

  • Swelling that gets worse
  • Strong pain that does not calm down
  • A filling that breaks or falls out
  • A bite that feels very high or uneven

Final Takeaway

Root canals are not about “doing something extra.” They are concerned with saving a tooth that otherwise continues to hurt, cause ongoing pain, or eventually require extraction. Fear is eliminated, and it becomes a lot easier to make the decision when the patients know the steps.

Need expert dental care you can trust? Book your visit with Tadros Dental today.


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